Commands in Hindi
The imperative mood, intimate imperative, & familiar imperative
Used to give commands or make requests
→ Three main pronouns used: तू तुम आप
→ Five forms:
- Form #1: The Intimate Imperative (तू )
- Form #2: The Familiar Imperative (तुम)
- Form #3: The Polite/Formal Imperative (आप)
- Form #4: The Polite Future Imperative (आप)
- Form #5: The Infinitive as Imperative (तू , तुम)
Basic Rules
- Intimate Imperative → Remove the suffix from the infinitive
Ex: बनाना → तू बना
- Familiar Imperative → Add ओ to the verb stem.
Ex: बनाना → तुम बनाओ
- Formal Imperative → Remove the suffix and add इए
Ex: बनाना → आप बनाइए
- Formal Future Imperative → Same as Polite/Formal but add गा to end
Ex: बनाना → आप बनाइएगा
- Infinitive as Imperative → (for तू and तुम) use the infinitive as the command
Ex: बनाना → तू बनाना ; तुम बनाना
Examples
You make food |
Intimate Imperative |
तू खाना बना |
Go to the store |
Familiar Imperative |
तुम दुकान जाओ |
Write the book |
Formal Imperative |
आप किताब लिखिए |
Write the book tomorrow |
Formal Future Imperative |
आप किताब लिखिएगा |
You make food |
Infinitive as Imperative |
तू खाना बनाना |
Practice Assessment
- Please drink some water. (formal)
- Go to school right now. (intimate)
- Please come to work tomorrow. (formal future)
- Please eat the mango. (familiar)
- Give me the book. (intimate)
Answers
-
Please drink some water. (formal) → आप कुछ पानी पीजिए
-
Go to school right now. (intimate) → तू स्कूल जा
-
Please come to work tomorrow. (formal future) → कल काम पर आइएगा
-
Please eat the mango. (familiar) → तुम आम खाओ
-
Give me the book. (intimate) → तू मुझे किताब दे
It’s Your Turn Now
Part: 1 (Write in Hindi in complete sentences.)
Casual/informal commands
Don’t laugh at me. (Hint: हँसना)
Don’t laugh.
Don’t play outside. (Hint: खेलना)
Don’t eat guava in the morning.
Shower in the morning. (Hint: नहाना)
=====================================================
Part 2: Formal/polite commands
Example: आप आइए. Please come. आप देखिए। Please see/watch
Please don’t smoke. (Hint:सिगरेट पीना)
Please write in the book. (Hint:लिखना)
Please buy a shirt. (Hint:ख़रीदना)
Please visit Delhi. (Hint:घूमना)
Please sleep at 10 pm. (Hint:10 बजे सोना)
Please bring a book for me. (Hint:लाना)
Part 3: Fill the gap with correct imperative https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LjZ0DCaPSP0
फ़िल्म : हावड़ा ब्रिज (1958)
…………………मेहरबान, ………….. जाने-जां
शौक़ से …………….. जी, इश्क़ के इम्तहान
कैसे हो तुम नौजवान, इतने हसीन मेहमान
कैसे करूँ मैं बयान, मिलती नहीं है ज़बान
आइए मेहरबान….
देखा मचल के जिधर, बिजली गिरा दी उधर
किसका जला आशियाना, बिजली को ये क्या ख़बर
आइए मेहरबान….
आइए मेहरबान…. गाने की शब्दावली
मुश्किल शब्दावली |
मतलब |
मेहरबान |
(Adj.) kind, merciful |
जाने-जां |
(Adj.) beloved |
शौक़ से |
(Adv.) with pleasure, gladly |
इश्क़ |
(M.) love, passion |
इम्तहान |
(M.) examination, test |
नौजवान |
(M.) young adult |
हसीन |
(Adj.) beautiful |
मेहमान |
(M.) guest |
बयान |
(M.) description, exposition, account |
मिलना |
(V.) to receive |
मचलना |
(V.) to be headstrong, stubborn, to be restive |
जिधर |
(Adv.) in which direction |
बिजली |
(M.) electricity |
गिराना |
(V.) to make fall |
उधर |
(Adv.) over there, on that side |
जला |
(Adj.) burnt |
आशियाना |
(M.) home |
ख़बर |
(F.) news, information |
Role-play
मेरे घर आइए
कपिल : कल मेरे घर आना।
रॉबर्ट : कल क्या है?
कपिल : कल मेरा जन्मदिन है।
रॉबर्ट : ओहो ! तो जन्मदिन की पार्टी है?
कपिल : हाँ यार ! कल शाम को ज़रुर आना। तोहफ़ा-वोहफ़ा मत लाना।
रॉबर्ट : अच्छा तोहफ़ा-वोहफ़ा नहीं तो क्या बियर-वियर लाऊं?
कपिल : तुम्हारी मर्ज़ी !
रॉबर्ट : ठीक है दोस्त! कल मिलेंगे.
Your turn
Invite a friend over for a movie night:
Start with a greeting, such as “Namaste” or “Hi, how are you?”
Invite the friend over to your home for a movie night the following day, saying “Please come to my house tomorrow.”
Ask the friend if they know why you’re inviting them over, and respond with “It’s for a movie night!”
Ask the friend what they would like to bring for the movie night, and suggest “What should I bring? sweet, flowers, or friends?
Finish with a farewell, saying “See you tomorrow!”